This study explores second language composing processes and rhetorics through the data-rich perspective of ethnography, a unique approach to the study of second language rhetorics and one that leads to increased understanding of cross-cultural written communication. Moreover, most second language composing studies are not longitudinal in scope. Although this study draws the bulk of its data from five colleague-researchers before they begin their studies in the United States, the study concludes with additional data collected after the participants complete their degrees. The results provide intriguing insights into second language pedagogy as well as manifold dimensions of cross-cultural communication.